Crustacea Indonesia

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Crustacea

Crustacea atau kelompok udang-udangan dan kepiiting, merupakan subphylum dari phylum Arthropoda yang paling beranekaragam. Kelompok ini tersebar di berbagai macam habitat. Crustacea ditemukan pada perairan dangkal hingga laut dalam. Crustacea juga ditemukan hidup pada perairan tawar seperti danau, kolam, sungai, lahan basah, serta gua. Dari total 68.000 total spesies, hanya sekitar 15 % yang masih hidup hingga saat ini, sisanya berupa fosil. Crustacea dikelompokkan menjadi 4 kelas yaitu: Remipdia, Maxillopoda, Ostracoda, dan Malacostraca. Selain itu juga ada kelompok subkelas Copepoda (Thorp et al., 2015).

Secara ekologis crustacea memiliki peran penting pada jaring-jaring makanan sebagai konsumen tersier hingga penduar ulang energi. Fase zooplankton dari Crustacea merupakan konsumen utama fitoplankton, berperan penting untuk transfer energi dari produsen tingkat pertama ke dalam jaring makanan. Secara ekonomis Crustacea banyak dimanfaatkan untuk bahan pangan, ada 3 kelompok utama produk perikanan dari Crustacea, yaitu: udang, kepiting, dan lobster (Penn et al., 2019), yang banyak ditemukan di daerah pesisir seperti terumbu karang, padang lamun, mangrove, bebatuan dan pantai berpasir.

(Ditulis oleh: Nenik Kholilah S.Si.)

Referensi

Penn, W.P., N. Caputi, S.D. Lestang, D. Johnston, M. Kangas, dan J. Bopp. 2019. Crustacean Fisheries. Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences (Third Edition). 2: 324-337. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-409548-9.09577-4. Thorp, J.H, D.C. Rogers, dan A.P. Covich. 2015. Introduction of Crustacea. Ecology and General Biology. 671-686

Crustacea Indonesia

Flora Fauna Laut Indonesia

Klasifikasi

Phylum:Arthropoda
Sub-phylum:Crustacea
Class:Malacostraca
Order:Amphipoda
Family:Caprellidae
Species 1:Caprella sp.Skeleton Shrimp
Species 2:Liropus minusculusShort Skeleton Shrimp
– – – – –– – – – – – – – – – – – –– – – – – 
Phylum:Arthropoda
Sub-phylum:Crustacea
Class:Malacostraca
Order:Brachyura
Family:Pilumnidae
Species 3:Zebrida adamsiiZebra Crab
– – – – –– – – – – – – – – – – – –– – – – – 
Phylum:Arthropoda 
Sub-phylum:Crustacea 
Class:Malacostraca 
Order:Decapoda 
Family:Alpheidae 
Species 4:Alpheus djeddensisSnapping Shrimp
– – – – –– – – – – – – – – – – – –– – – – – 
Phylum:Arthropoda
Sub-phylum:Crustacea
Class:Malacostraca
Order:Decapoda
Family:Calappidae  
Species 5:Calappa calappaBox Crab
– – – – –– – – – – – – – – – – – –– – – – – 
Phylum:Arthropoda
Sub-phylum:Crustacea
Class:Malacostraca
Order:Decapoda
Family:Carpiliidae  
Species 6:Carpilius maculatusSpotted Crab
– – – – –– – – – – – – – – – – – –– – – – – 
Phylum:Arthropoda
Sub-phylum:Crustacea
Class:Malacostraca
Order:Decapoda
Family:Coenobitidae  
Species 7:Birgus latroCoconut Crab
– – – – –– – – – – – – – – – – – –– – – – – 
Phylum:Arthropoda
Sub-phylum:Crustacea
Class:Malacostraca
Order:Decapoda
Family:Diogenidae  
Species 8:Calcinus minutusWhite Hermit Crab
Species 9:Dardanus megistosRed Hermit Crab
Species 10:Dardanus pedunculatusAnemone Hermit Crab
Species 11:Dardanus sp.Hermit Crab
– – – – –– – – – – – – – – – – – –– – – – – 
Phylum:Arthropoda
Sub-phylum:Crustacea
Class:Malacostraca
Order:Decapoda
Family:Dromiidae  
Species 12:Lauridromia dehaaniDecorator Crab 
– – – – –– – – – – – – – – – – – –– – – – – 
Phylum:Arthropoda
Sub-phylum:Crustacea
Class:Malacostraca
Order:Decapoda
Family:Enoplometopidae  
Species 13:Enoplometopus holthuisiReef Lobster
– – – – –– – – – – – – – – – – – –– – – – – 
Phylum:Arthropoda
Sub-phylum:Crustacea
Class:Malacostraca
Order:Decapoda
Family:Epialtidae  
Species 14:Hoplophrys oatesiiCandy Crab
Species 15:Hyastenus borradaileiHydroids Crab
Species 16:Xenocarcinus depressusGorgonian Crab
– – – – –– – – – – – – – – – – – –– – – – – 
Phylum:Arthropoda
Sub-phylum:Crustacea
Class:Malacostraca
Order:Decapoda
Family:Galatheidae  
Species 17:Allogalathea elegansGorgonian Squat Lobster
Species 18:Lauriea siagianiBarrel Sponge Squat Lobster
– – – – –– – – – – – – – – – – – –– – – – – 
Phylum:Arthropoda
Sub-phylum:Crustacea
Class:Malacostraca
Order:Decapoda
Family:Hippolytidae   
Species 19:Lysmata amboinensisAmbon Cleaner Shrimp
Species 20:Thor amboinensisSexy Shrimp 
– – – – –– – – – – – – – – – – – –– – – – – 
Phylum:Arthropoda
Sub-phylum:Crustacea
Class:Malacostraca
Order:Decapoda
Family:Hymenoceridae   
Species 21:Phyllognathia ceratophthalmaSpiny Tiger Shrimp
– – – – –– – – – – – – – – – – – –– – – – – 
Phylum:Arthropoda
Sub-phylum:Crustacea
Class:Malacostraca
Order:Decapoda
Family:Inachidae   
Species 22:Achaeus japonicusOrang-Utan Crab 
Species 23:Camposcia retusaSpider Decorator Crab
– – – – –– – – – – – – – – – – – –– – – – – 
Phylum:Arthropoda
Sub-phylum:Crustacea
Class:Malacostraca
Order:Decapoda
Family:Majidae   
Species 24:Cyclocoeloma tuberculateDecorator Crab 
Species 25:Cyclocoeloma spSoftcoral Decorator Crab
Species 26:Cyclocoeloma spSponge Decorator Crab
– – – – –– – – – – – – – – – – – –– – – – – 
Phylum:Arthropoda
Sub-phylum:Crustacea
Class:Malacostraca
Order:Decapoda
Family:Palaemonidae   
Species 27:Ancylomenes venustusGraceful Anemone Shrimp
Species 28:Hymenocera pictaHarlequin Shrimp 
Species 29:Laomenes amboinensisAmbon Crinoid Shrimp
Species 30:Laomenes cornutusCrinoid Shrimp 
Species 31:Periclimenes brevicarpalisGlass Anemone Shrimp
Species 32:Periclimenes holthuisiAnemone Shrimp 
Species 33:Periclimenes imperatorEmperor Shrimp 
Species 34:Periclimenes kororensisMushroom Coral Shrimp
Species 35:Periclimenes sororStarfish Shrimp 
Species 36:Periclimenes psamatheSeafan Shrimp 
Species 37:Pliopontonia furtivaDisc Anemone Shrimp
Species 38:Pontonides uncigerWhip Coral Shrimp
Species 39:Vir euphylliusAnchor Coral Shrimp
– – – – –– – – – – – – – – – – – –– – – – – 
Phylum:Arthropoda
Sub-phylum:Crustacea
Class:Malacostraca
Order:Decapoda
Family:Palinuridae   
Species 40:Panulirua penicillatusPronghorn Spiny Lobster
Species 41:Panulirus ornatusOrnate Spiny Lobster
Species 42:Panulirus versicolorPainted Spiny Lobster
– – – – –– – – – – – – – – – – – –– – – – – 
Phylum:Arthropoda
Sub-phylum:Crustacea
Class:Malacostraca
Order:Decapoda
Family:Porcellanidae   
Species 43:Neopetrolisthes maculateSpotted Porcelain Crab
Species 44:Porcellanella trilobaPainted Porcelain Crab
– – – – –– – – – – – – – – – – – –– – – – – 
Phylum:Arthropoda
Sub-phylum:Crustacea
Class:Malacostraca
Order:Decapoda
Family:Portunidae   
Species 45:Lissocarcinus orbicularisRed Spotted White
Species 46:Lupocyclus philippinensisTRUE Crab 
Species 47:Portunus pelagicusSwimming Crab 
– – – – –– – – – – – – – – – – – –– – – – – 
Phylum:Arthropoda
Sub-phylum:Crustacea
Class:Malacostraca
Order:Decapoda
Family:Processidae   
Species 48:Processa edulisNika Shrimp 
– – – – –– – – – – – – – – – – – –– – – – – 
Phylum:Arthropoda
Sub-phylum:Crustacea
Class:Malacostraca
Order:Decapoda
Family:Rhynchocinetidae   
Species 49:Rhynchocinetes durbanensisCamel Shrimp 
– – – – –– – – – – – – – – – – – –– – – – – 
Phylum:Arthropoda
Sub-phylum:Crustacea
Class:Malacostraca
Order:Decapoda
Family:Scyllaridae   
Species 50:Parribacus antarcticusSculptured Mitten Lobster
Species 51:Scyllarides haaniiHumpbacked Slipper Lobster
– – – – –– – – – – – – – – – – – –– – – – – 
Phylum:Arthropoda
Sub-phylum:Crustacea
Class:Malacostraca
Order:Decapoda
Family:Stenopodidae   
Species 52:Stenopus hispidusBanded Cleaner Shrimp
– – – – –– – – – – – – – – – – – –– – – – – 
Phylum:Arthropoda
Sub-phylum:Crustacea
Class:Malacostraca
Order:Decapoda
Family:Trapeziidae   
Species 53:Trapezia rufopunctataTrapezia Crab 
– – – – –– – – – – – – – – – – – –– – – – – 
Phylum:Arthropoda
Sub-phylum:Crustacea
Class:Malacostraca
Order:Decapoda
Family:Xanthidae   
Species 54:Etisus splendidusSplendid Spooner 
Species 55:Lophozozymus PictorMosaic Reef Crab
Species 56:Lybia tessellateBoxing Crab 
Species 57:Zosimus maculatusSpotted Red Crab
– – – – –– – – – – – – – – – – – –– – – – – 
Phylum:Arthropoda
Sub-phylum:Crustacea
Class:Malacostraca
Order:Isopoda   
Family:Cymothoidae   
Species 58:Nerocila orbignyiFish Fleas 
– – – – –– – – – – – – – – – – – –– – – – – 
Phylum:Arthropoda
Sub-phylum:Crustacea
Class:Malacostraca
Order:Stomatopoda   
Family:Gonodactylidae   
Species 59:Gonodactylus platysomaMantis Shrimp 
– – – – –– – – – – – – – – – – – –– – – – – 
Phylum:Arthropoda
Sub-phylum:Crustacea
Class:Malacostraca
Order:Stomatopoda 
Family:Lysiosquillidae 
Species 60:Lysiosquilla lisaMantis Shrimp 
Species 61:Lysiosquilla maculateMantis Shrimp 
Species 62:Lysiosquilla mapiaMantis Shrimp 
– – – – –– – – – – – – – – – – – –– – – – – 
Phylum:Arthropoda
Sub-phylum:Crustacea
Class:Malacostraca
Order:Stomatopoda 
Family:Odontodactylidae 
Species 63:Odontodactylus scyllaMantis Shrimp 
– – – – –– – – – – – – – – – – – –– – – – – 
Phylum:Arthropoda
Sub-phylum:Crustacea
Class:Maxillopoda 
Order:Pedunculata 
Family:Lepadidae 
Species 64:Lepas anatiferaGoose Neck Barnacle
– – – – –– – – – – – – – – – – – –– – – – – 
Phylum:Arthropoda
Sub-phylum:Chelicerata 
Class:Pycnogonida 
Order:Pantopoda 
Family:Ammotheidae 
Species 65:Nymphopsis spSea Spider
– – – – –– – – – – – – – – – – – –– – – – –